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Texas's Wildlife

Texas is the most beautiful state or province in North America! It covers greater than 250,000 square miles of prairie, forests, canyon lands, rivers, streams and ocean. It is not only ecologically diverse it is culturally radiant due in no small part to its shared border with Mexico. Texas is home to a vast array of wildlife with opportunities to view and commune with nature around every bend.

Texas is at a critical point in its history in terms of nature. Today, life is slightly different than when settelers first arrived. While some species are still abundant some of our most treasured wildlife species are at crossroads. Through the efforts of wildlife biologists and caring citizens, many of these species will remain a constant source of pleasure for generations to come. However, without some help and care, these species could end up going the way of the passenger pigeon.

A sure example of this is the Atwater’s prairie chickens on the coastal plains. With less than 70 individuals, a catastrophic event could place them into the history books in the category of what once was. If it was not for the help of Texas Parks and Wildlife biologists, caring Texans, private landowners, and partners like the Houston Zoo, this species might already be gone.

The state’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Plan provides an exhaustive description of Texas’s biodiversity as well as conservation challenges and opportunities.

State Bird
Texas's Wildlife
Mockingbird
State Large Mammal
Texas's Wildlife
Long Horn
State Small Mammal
Texas's Wildlife
Armadillo
State Fish


Texas's Wildlife


Guadalupe Bass
Texas's Wildlife Texas Conservation Action Plan (TCAP)
Also known as the Texas Wildlife Action plan (TWAP) or Texas Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy (TXCWCS)

The Texas Conservation Action Plan's purpose is to provide a statewide "roadmap" for research, restoration, management and recovery projects addressing Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) and important habitats. "SGCN" include terrestrial, freshwater, and marine birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates (like insects and freshwater mussels), fishes, plants and plant communities. The goal of the Plan is ultimately to conserve and improve the status of these species and, as possible, prevent listings under the Endangered Species Act. The Conservation Action Plan has elements for anyone interested in conservation in Texas, not just Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD).

The 2005 Texas Wildlife Action Plan is currently available

This plan is in revision (2011). Please see the current Texas Conservation Action Plan for new documents and opportunities for public comment.

Outline of the 2005 Texas Wildlife Action Plan

  1. Section I - Foreword, Executive Summary, Elements Guide ("Road Map"),Table of Contents (117.2 KB PDF)
  2. Section II - Introduction, Species, Habitat, & High Priority Conservation Strategies, Monitoring & Adaptive Management (3.3 MB PDF)
  3. Section III - Acknowledgements, Literature Cited, Glossary, Abbreviations & Acronyms (579.7 KB PDF)
  4. Section IV - Priority Species List, Med. Priority Conservation Strategies, Supplemental Species & Plant Information (1.2 MB PDF)
    1. Maps 1 - 34
    2. Land and Water Resources Conservation and Recreation Plan (8.1 MB PDF)
    3. The Texas Shrimp Fishery (4.5 MB PDF)
    4. Texas Wetlands Conservation Plan (12.5 MB PDF)
Wildlife and Habitat Management in Texas
Whether you grow tomatoes, irrigate rice, sell sod, raise cattle, tend orchards, own forest, cut timber, run a hunt club or feed wildlife, in some way you manage habitat. “Best management practices” (BMPs) are available to assist landowners with planning, implementing and managing their land.

Developed by experienced practitioners, and management and research organizations, these management tools are based on the best available science. BMPs will often save landowners money in the long term even as they improve conditions for wildlife in the short term.


Best Management Practice Downloads
The following are a selection of BMPs culled from various national, regional, state and local sources. Each is available for download as a pdf.
Discusses grass, 3-zone, 2-zone, wildlife, urban and naturalized buffers and recommendations for how to choose, establish and cost-share. Read More »


Defines riparian buffers and discusses various benefits, including property value, wildlife habitat, timber, and recreational/aesthetic/spiritual values.
Read More »


This 26-page booklet introduces the Stream-A-Syst system to help landowners assess and manage their streams.  It contains a worksheet, action plan with recommended steps and sources of information to address various issues, and a visual (photographic) assessment guide. Read More »


A practical guide to ways agricultural producers can profit from the growing environmental marketplace from American Farmland Trust, 2010. An in-depth 55-page handbook that introduces and surveys the types of environmental markets, how to get involved including evaluating financial returns and assessing risks, and what farmers and ranchers can do to encourage these markets.

Read More »


South Texas, the "Last Great Habitat"

Concerns about conservation of the tropical rainforests and other well-known regions of the world are widely publicized, yet a region of inestimable biological wealth lies relatively unrecognized on the back doorstep of North America. The region lying south of a line from Port O’Connor to Victoria, northwest to San Antonio and west to Del Rio known as “South Texas” is one of the most biologically diverse regions in the world (Fig. ). In fact, it is termed “hyper-diverse” by many ecologists. We feel that conservation of this biological treasure is of urgent concern to policy makers, nature enthusiasts, and the general public throughout the region and nation.

Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute has produced this document.
 




This brief University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture publication by Becky McPeake, Associate Director of Wildlife, includes tips for developing a management plan and actual practices for habitat management.  It includes sections on special habitat types, tips on native species, food plots, pesticide use, snags, brush piles, supplemental feeding, water and nest boxes of many kinds. Read More »


From The Heinz Center, this 2008 lengthy publication is targeted to land managers who practice adaptive management.

Read More »


 a 4-page publication from the SC Dept. of Natural Resources, tells how to provide food and improve habitat through standard management practices.

Read More »


This is a 7-page fact sheet that covers life history, food requirements, habitat and forest management to benefit Bobwhite. Read More »


Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) were once common, even abundant, on farms, rangelands and forests across more than 30 states. Bobwhites have declined an average of 3% per year since 1966, and have virtually disappeared from some northern states. The last strongholds are portions of the western states with significant native habitats and quail-friendly land-use patterns, or other locales where bobwhite management is a priority on agricultural or plantation lands. Over most of the species’ range, the decline of wild bobwhite populations has relegated quail hunting to memories. The next few decades may be our last opportunity to halt the declines, stem widespread localized extinctions of bobwhites, and restore populations enough to create new memories for many.

Read More »


Bibby et al.’s (1992) review of bird census techniques opens with the statement that ‘birds are counted for a wide variety of reasons by a bewildering range of methods’. In the southeastern United States, a number of different survey techniques and protocols are used. Some form the foundation of regional, national and international avian monitoring programs, while others have the potential to do so. In order to promote awareness of what programs and protocols are available, this guide summarizes popular, multi-species bird monitoring programs and protocols that are currently used, or could be used, within the Southeast Partners in Flight region.


Audience - Graduate students and biologists who are looking for ways to collect data that can be analyzed using current methods and are compatible with other data sets in clearinghouses such as the Avian Knowledge Network.


The guide is meant as a starting point for individuals seeking out information to assess the pros and cons of various protocols in addressing their project objectives. In those cases where the protocols are inextricably linked to a broader monitoring program, the program itself (e.g., North American Breeding Bird Survey) and/or the sampling scheme (e.g., Strategic Multi-scale Grassland Bird Population Monitoring) is summarized along with the protocol. Our focus was primarily on those protocols designed to measure abundance and demographic parameters.


Suggested citation: Laurent, E.J., J. Bart, J. Giocomo, S. Harding, K. Koch, L. Moore-Barnhill, R. Mordecai, E. Sachs, T. Wilson. 2012. A Field Guide to Southeast Bird Monitoring Programs and Protocols. Southeast Partners in Flight. http://SEmonitoringguide.sepif.org

Read More »


By:
In recent years, there has been increased interest in establishing native warm season grasses (NWSG) and forbs as wildlife habitat. Commonly known as prairie or prairie grass, native grasslands and savannas, a forest/grassland complex with less than 50% tree coverage, historically dominated the landscape across much of the United States. These grasses and forbs grow during the warmer months of the year as opposed to cool season grasses such as fescue and brome. Read More »


A Prescribed Fire Association is a group of landown- ers and other concerned citizens that form a partnership to conduct prescribed burns. Prescribed burning is the key land management tool used to restore and maintain native plant communities to their former diversity and productivity for livestock production and wildlife habitat. Native prairies, shrublands, and forests supply the majority of livestock forage and much of the wildlife habitat in the U.S. Without fire, many native plant communities become dysfunctional and unproductive. Research has clearly shown that there is no substitute for fire. 

Many forest and grassland ecosystems are fire dependent and not burning is poor land management.  Why do not more people use prescribed fire to manage their land? First, fire was not part of the European culture that settled in post-Columbian America. Fire exclusion and fire suppression has been engrained in our society for years and popularized by the very successful Smokey the Bear ad campaign. The result has been a rapid decline in the quality of our natural resources, along with costing taxpayers millions of dollars each year to fight wildfires and the many other nega- tive consequences of fuel build up.

article adapted from Oklahome Cooperative Extension Association
Read More »


A summary of all the benefits of prescribed fire in southern forests. Read More »


This 40-page document provides detailed information on the biology of wild pigs, how to recognize their presence, the type of damage they can cause to agriculture and natural areas and a wide range of management techniques, including hunting.  It applies to just about anywhere in the U.S. where wild pigs are found. Read More »


CP-33 Habitat Buffers for Upland Birds is available under the United States Department of Agriculture Continuous Conservation Reserve Program (CCRP). CP-33 enrollment is capped at 350,000 acres in 35 states within the primary range of the northern bobwhite. Under continuous signup CRP, there is no deadline for producers to submit acreage for enrollment and eligible acres offered are automatically accepted. All CP-33 contracts require a 10-year enrollment period.  This article comes from Mississippi State University CP33 website. Read More »


The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) strongly recommends, first and foremost, compliance with all cave1 closures, advisories, and regulations in all Federal, State, Tribal, and private lands. However, where such closures are not required or recommended, the following protocol outlines the best known procedures to help reduce the transmission of the fungus Geomyces destructans (G.d.), believed to be the cause of white-nose syndrome (WNS), to important bat habitat and populations. WNS is responsible for significant bat mortality in eastern North America, and threatens bat populations across the continent. Read More »


Lists toxicities of many different chemicals and how to reduce the risk of pesticide drift.
A list of all Southern Regional Aquaculture Center factsheets (more than 150) are available at https://srac.tamu.edu/index.cfm/event/viewAllSheets/ Read More »


Defines and discusses management of nutrients, pests, tillage, harvest, and edge/buffers to benefit waterbirds.  Also provides crop-specific BMPs for corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton and rice. Read More »


Provides instructions for artificial regeneration, site prep, seedings and planting to re-establish longleaf pine.  The guidelines conclude, “ Longleaf pine has many desirable characteristics for landowners who have multiple-use forest management objectives. On appropriate sites, and with careful attention to detail during the regeneration phase, it is possible to enjoy the versatility of this species without compromising growth rates.” This paper was written by Chris Demers, Alan Long and Patrick Minogue of University of Florida extension. Read More »


Unlocking Bird Conservation Plans to Create Education Programs that Work
Do you want to connect your audiences to conservation messages but don’t know where to start? Conservation plans, based on extensive biological research, will help prioritize your efforts. 

This resource sheet will help you:
  • Link your education programs to priorities in bird conservation plans; 
  • Find relevant bird conservation plans in your area of focus; 
  • Extract key information to guide education program development; and 
  • Involve scientists in the development of your education programs.


BMPs oriented more specifically toward farming & agriculture, energy efficiency and invasive & native species are also available on this site.

Wildlife News in Texas
The following news articles are provided by the Google News service and do not reflect the views or imply an endorsement by the Houston Conservation Center and its affiliates. We cannot guarantee the relevance of the content of this page or any links that may be followed from the articles herein.
Google News

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department to recognize JA Ranch for conservation ...
LubbockOnline.com
The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department is planning to recognize the JA Ranch in Armstrong and Donley counties as one of five entities in the state making extraordinary efforts to rejuvenate native habitats. The ranch, owned by Ninia Bivins and her son ...




Opinion: Use Conservation to Save Water and Wildlife
Texas Tribune
In an op-ed for The Dallas Morning News, Luke Metzger, the founder and director of Environment Texas, urges legislators to consider the consequences of new water projects and to weigh using existing conservation tools to stem waste and improve ...




Outdoors briefs: TPWD forms Marine Investigations Unit
Dallas Morning News
The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department's Law Enforcement Division has formed a new Marine Investigations Unit made up of nine game wardens who will specialize in boat theft, personal watercraft theft and related fraud. The unit will operate on a ...

and more »



Oklahoma's natural wonders need attention
Tulsa World
Hundreds upon hundreds of species of wildlife and birds - including 13 big game species - provide hour upon hour of engrossing activity. Many of you have ... It all started back in 1933, when Congress created the Civilian Conservation Corps. Within a ...




Bradford County Court News 5/19/2013
Towanda Daily Review
An agent of the Pennsylvania State Police Vice and Narcotics Unit arrested Blood for the controlled substance offense in November 2012; Wildlife Conservation Officer Richard Finnegan arrested him for the wildlife violation in November 2012. Both ...

and more »



Comptroller's Endangered Species Duties Could Go to Wildlife Department
StateImpact Texas
The Senate Natural Resources Committee discussed a bill, SB 468, at a meeting Tuesday that would send Texas' endangered species monitoring duties over to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and create a fund to finance research. State Sen. Kel ...

and more »



Mark C. Walker: Why fishing matters: Ascarate event just plain fun
El Paso Times
The critical nature of angling fees to conservation is reflected in the state and federal laws that protect hunting and fishing license revenues from uses other than wildlife and fisheries programs. All Texas game and fish license fees go directly into ...




Conservationists honored with awards - Lone Star Outdoor News
Lone Star Outdoor News
At a time when punishing drought underscores the importance of managing our land and water to help Texas weather the worst, two land owners, two organizations and a mining company are being recognized by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department's Lone ...
Saving Texas water with land trustsHouston Chronicle

all 2 news articles »



More about artist Gail Savage - Reading Eagle
Reading Eagle
2005: Started donating art annually to various wildlife conservation groups for their fundraising efforts. 2010: Artwork featured in an issue of National Audubon Society Texas Chapter newsletter. 2012: Featured artist in series "Artists Among Us" at ...




Drought gobbles up Texas turkey hunt
The Daily Climate
Turkey hunters pump $214 million into the Texas economy annually, the largest amount of any state, according to a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service analysis of turkey hunting from 2006, the latest available. "Most of the state is still in drought and ...


Google News
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Shop for Conservation
Robin Schiele, a dedicated conservationist and talented painter of exotic birds has generously agreed to donate 20% of the sale of his paintings to help support our conservation efforts.  Visit Resource First Foundation's Conservation Art Sale and put a life-size original watercolor of an endangered, endemic or rare bird from the Neotropical forests on a wall in your home or office.